| Advocacy for health |
A combination of individual and social actions designed
to gain political commitment, policy support, social acceptance and
systems support for a particular health goal or programme. Alliance
An alliance for health promotion is a partnership between two or more
parties that pursue a set of agreed upon goals in health promotion. |
| Capacity Building |
Capacity building is… "The development of
sustainable skills, organisational structures, resources and commitment
to health improvement in health and other sectors, to prolong and
multiply health gains many times over". |
| Community |
A specific group of people, often living in a defined
geographical area, who share a common culture, values and norms, are
arranged in a social structure according to relationships which the
community has developed over a period of time. Members of a community
gain their personal and social identity by sharing common beliefs,
values and norms which have been developed by the community in the
past and may be modified in the future. They exhibit some awareness
of their identity as a group, and share common needs and a commitment
to meeting them. |
| Community action for health |
Community action for health refers to collective efforts
by communities which are directed towards increasing community control
over the determinants of health, and thereby improving health. |
Community empowerment |
Community empowerment involves individuals acting collectively
to gain greater influence and control over the determinants of health
and the quality of life in their community, and is an important goal
in community action for health. Community health promotion Community
organisation Community participation |
| Disease prevention |
Disease prevention covers measures not only to prevent
the occurrence of disease, such as risk factor reduction, but also
to arrest its progress and reduce its consequences once established.
|
| Determinants of health |
The range of personal, social, economic and environmental
factors which determine the health status of individuals or populations.
|
| Empowerment for health |
In health promotion, empowerment is a process through
which people gain greater control over decisions and actions affecting
their health. |
| Enabling |
In health promotion, enabling means taking action in
partnership with individuals or groups to empower them, through the
mobilisation of human and material resources, to promote and protect
their health. |
| Epidemiology |
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants
of health-states or events in specified populations, and the application
of this study to the control of health problems. |
| Equity in health |
Equity means fairness. Equity in health means that people's
needs guide the distribution of opportunities for well-being. |
| Evaluation |
The process by which we decide the worth or value of
something. For health promotion, this process involves measurement
and observation (evaluation research) and comparison with some criterion
or standard (usually a programme goal). |
| Health |
Health is defined in the WHO constitution of 1948 as:
A state of complete physical, social and mental well-being, and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Within the context of
health promotion, health has been considered less as an abstract state
and more as a means to an end which can be expressed in functional
terms as a resource which permits people to lead an individually,
socially and economically productive life. Health is a resource for
everyday life, not the object of living. It is a positive concept
emphasizing social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities. |
| Health behaviour |
Any activity undertaken by an individual, regardless
of actual or perceived health status, for the purpose of promoting,
protecting or maintaining health, whether or not such behaviour is
objectively effective towards that end. |
| Health communication |
Health communication is a key strategy to inform the
public about health concerns and to maintain important health issues
on the public agenda. The use of the mass and multi media and other
technological innovations to disseminate useful health information
to the public, increases awareness of specific aspects of individual
and collective health as well as importance of health in development. |
| Health development |
Health development is the process of continuous, progressive
improvement of the health status of individuals and groups in a population. |
| Health education |
Health education comprises consciously constructed opportunities
for learning involving some form of communication designed to improve
health literacy, including improving knowledge, and developing life
skills which are conducive to individual and community health.
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