Residential care facilities

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Medicine management in NSW for residential care facilities 

​Residential care facilities (RCF) are defined under the NSW Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Regulation 2008 (NSW Regulation), as places at which a person is provided with residential care, within the meaning of the Aged Care Act 2024.​
RCFs approved to provide high level care before 30 June 2014 are classified as 'nursing homes'.​ ​​Under the NSW Regulation, these nursing homes meet the definition of a 'hospital' and ​therefore must comply with hospital medication handling requirements.

There are two categories  types of medicines managed in RCFs:
  1. Resident medicines – medicines prescribed, dispensed and labelled for an individual resident, including those packed in a DAA.
  2. RCF urgent use medicines – medicines held by the RCF for urgent use circumstances and not labelled for an individual resident.

​Once a medicine has been prescribed, dispensed and labelled for an individual, it is no longer regulated under the NSW Regulation. This means resident medicines are not regulated under the NSW Regulation.

RCF urgent use medicines are regulated under the NSW Regulation, and their storage, supply, administration and record-keeping must comply with the relevant legislative requirements.

All medicines in an RCF should be managed in a way that supports medication safety, the quality use of medicines and continuity of care, consistent with the Australian Government Department of Health – Guiding Principles for Medication Management in the Community​, the Guiding principles for medication management in residential aged care facilities​ and the Aged Care Quality Standards​.​

​Governance and supply of medicines​

A residential care facility (RCF) should appoint a medicines governance group (also referred to as a Medicines Advisory Committee), as recommended in the Guiding principles for medication management in residential aged care facilities​​

The medicines governance group is a multidisciplinary committee that provides expert advice and overarching governance of medication management in a RCF. ​Further information is available under ​Guiding Principle 3: Clinical governance of medication management​​.​

​The medicines governance group is responsible for approving and overseeing the governance of medicines held at the RCF, including:

  • Schedule 4 and Schedule 8 medicines held for urgent or emergency use, as permitted by NSW Health
  • Schedule 2 and 3 medicines held for nurse initiated use
  • written protocols that guide registered nurses on when these medicines are used and how they are stored, administered and recorded, with appropriate safeguards in place to prevent unauthorised access, loss, theft or diversion.​​

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​​​​​​Individual resident medicine management​

  • ​Residents may obtain medicines that have been prescribed, dispensed on prescription and labelled for them by a pharmacist in a pharmacy. These medicines may be supplied in their original packaging or in a dose administration aid (DAA). These medicines belong to the resident. 
  • Resident medicines must only be used by the resident for whom they were supplied and not shared or given to other residents. The RCF acts as the resident’s agent in managing these medicines.
  • The RCF medicines governance group must ensure policies are in place that outline requirements for the safe and secure storage of a resident’s medicines and prevent risk of loss and misuse. 

​​Storage of resident medicines​

There are no storage requirements in the NSW Regulation for resident medicines prescribed, dispensed and labelled for an individual resident, including those packed in a DAA. This means that resident medicines do not need to be stored in a safe or recorded in a drug register, even if they S4D or S8 medicines. However, resident medicines should be stored securely in line with the RCF's medicines management policies and procedures, with appropriate safeguards in place to prevent unauthorised access, loss, theft or diversion. RCFs may choose to store S4Ds and S8s in a safe and record them in a drug register under their own local policy.

​Storage arrangements should support medication safety, the quality use of medicines and continuity of care, consistent with the Australian Government Department of Health Guiding Principles for Medication Management in the Community​, the Guiding principles for medication management in residential aged care facilities​ and the Aged Care Quality Standards​​​​​.

​​Administration of resident medicines​

There are no administration requirements in the NSW Regulation for resident medicines prescribed, dispensed and labelled for an individual resident. This means that resident medicines may be administered by any agent or carer. However, RCFs must ensure it has policies, procedures and guidelines in place that are endorsed by the RCF's medicines governance group, to guide the safe and effective self-administration of resident medicines​, or administration by appropriately qualified and authorised persons.   

These policies, procedures and guidelines should support medication safety, the quality use of medicines and continuity of care, consistent with the Australian Government Department of Health Guiding Principles for Medication Management in the Community, the Guiding principles for medication management in residential aged care facilities​​ and the Aged Care Quality Standards​​​.

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RCF stock medicines​

RCF urgent use ​medicines ​

Under the NSW Regulation, a RCF may hold certain stock medicines for urgent use (RCF urgent use medicines). These medicines are held by the RCF for urgent use circumstances where the resident’s authorised practitioner seeks to initiate treatment ahead of issuing a prescription for dispensing at the pharmacy, or where the pharmacy is closed or unable to dispense the medicine on prescription. RCF urgent use medicines are the RCF’s stock medicines and not labelled for any resident. They must be stored securely, accessed only by registered nurses and administered under the direction of an authorised practitioner.

Only Schedule 4 (S4) and Schedule 8 (S8) listed in the NSW Health approved urgent use medicines list (see list below) may be held as urgent use medicines. ​If the RCF would like to hold other S4 or S8 medicines as urgent use medicines, the Director of Nursing or Care Manager must obtain medicines governance group approval and apply to the NSW Health Chief Pharmacist for approval via email at MOH-PharmaceuticalServices@health.nsw.gov.au​.​

RCF urgent use medicines must be:

  • obtained from a retail pharmacist on a signed and dated order from the Director of Nursing, or the Care Manager where there is no Director of Nursing, and
  • supplied in the manufacturer’s original pack and administered to the resident directly from that pack.

Facilities must have arrangements for after hours supply where required.​

​NSW Health approved urgent use S4 and S8 medicines

​RCFs may hold the following urgent use medicines:

  • oral antibiotics (up to five different antibiotic substances)
  • atropine sulfate monohydrate injection
  • clonazepam oral liquid 2.5 mg/mL (maximum of 20 mL)
  • dexamethasone tablets
  • diazepam injection 10 mg/2 mL (maximum 5 ampoules)
  • furosemide (frusemide) injection
  • glycopyrronium bromide (glycopyrrolate) injection
  • hyoscine butylbromide injection
  • metoclopramide hydrochloride monohydrate injection
  • midazolam injection - maximum of ten ampoules 5 mg/5 mL or 5 mg/1 mL 
  • molnupiravir
  • morphine sulfate injection – maximum of 30 ampoules of 5 mg/1 mL, 10 mg/1 mL, 15 mg/1 mL or 30 mg/1 mL 
  • nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir
  • prochlorperazine mesilate injection.

​​​​Schedule 2 and 3 nurse-initiated medicines

  • RCFs may hold Schedule 2 (S2) and Schedule 3 (S3) medicines for administration as nurse-initiated medicines in accordance with protocols approved by the medicines governance group.
  • Approved nurse-initiated medicines include:
    • any S2 medicine approved by the medicines governance committee 
    • S3 medicines approved by the medicines governance committee. These may include:
      • adrenaline (epinephrine) (ampoules or EpiPen)
      • glucagon injection
      • glyceryl trinitrate (tablet or sublingual spray)
      • naloxone injection
      • salbutamol inhaler.

​Protocols and oversight for nurse-​initiate medicines

  • Approved lists and protocols must be endorsed by the medicines governance group.
  • Protocols must include indications for use, form, dose, route, frequency, precautions, drug interactions and procedures for medication incidents and adverse reactions.
  • Protocols must be reviewed every 12 months.

​Antivirals for influenza 

RCFs may hold oseltamivir in accordance with the Authority for oseltamivir.

Key requirements include that oseltamivir:

  • ​is supplied on the order of a medical practitioner or nurse practitioner.
  • is documented on the resident’s medication chart
  • has each dose recorded at the time of administration
  • is stored secure under the supervision of the Director of Nursing or Care Manager.

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​​​​​Storage of RCF stock medicines​

All RCF urgent use medicines and nurse initiated medicines, that have been obtained from a retail pharmacy, must be stored in accordance with the NSW Regulation. 

RCFs must ensure that:

  • ​appropriate safeguards are in place to prevent unauthorised access, loss, theft or diversion of medicines 
  • written procedures are in place covering stock control, stock rotation and expiry date checks
  • medicines are stored in their original container or carton  as provided by the pharmacy, and not removed from the packaging until immediately before administration. ​Medicines must not be transferred into other containers or relabelled.

Schedule 2, 3 and 4 medicine storage

​Schedule 2, 3 and 4 medicines kept as stock or urgent use medicines must be stored in a room or enclosure to which the public does not have access, such as a locked:

  • ​cupboard fixed to the premises
  • a locked room (on a shelf)
  • a locked medicine trolley.

Note: Refrigerators used to store medicines do not need to be locked if they are located out of public access.

​Schedule 4 Appendix D (S4D) medicine storage

  • RCFs that are not considered a hospital within the meaning of the Regulation, may store S4D medicines as for Schedule 2, 3 and 4 medicines and in accordance with the RCF's medicines management policies and procedures.
  • RCFs that are considered a hospital within the meaning of the Regulation, must store RCF urgent use S4D medicines:
    • separately from all other medicines (except S8 medicines)
    • in a dedicated, locked cupboard or safe, that is securely fixed to the floor or wall that remains locked when not in immediate use. 
  • S4D medicines are not required to be recorded in a ward drug register unless the facility chooses to do so. 
  • Any loss must be notified to Pharmaceutical Services.​

​Schedule 8 medicines storage

  • RCF urgent use S8 medicines must:
    • ​​be stored apart from all other goods in a receptacle such as a safe, that is securely attached to a part of the premises
    • remain securely locked when not in immediate use.
  • RCF urgent use ​S8 medicines must be recorded in a compliant ward drug register.
  • The registered nurse in charge of a ward area is responsible for the storage of all RCF urgent use S8 medicines in that ward.
  • For refrigerated S8 medicines, see Storage of a S8 medicines requiring refrigeration.​
  • Any loss must be notified to Pharmaceutical Services.​​

​S4D or S8 cupboards and safes 

  • RCF urgent use S8 medicines must be stored separately from all other medicines in a dedicated locked cupboard or safe (preferably a metal safe) that is securely fixed to the premises and kept locked when not in immediate use. The lock must be a five lever key lock or provide equivalent security.
  • For RCFs that are considered a hospital* within the meaning of the Regulation​, S4D medicines may be stored with S8 medicines.
  • The cupboard or safe must not store other items, including keys, cash or documents​​. 

Secure storage and key management

  • ​​Medicine storage areas must remain locked when not in immediate use. 
  • Keys must be kept:
    • ​separate from other facility keys
    • be carried by the registered nurse in charge of the ward, or their registered nurse delegate.
  • Keys for S8 and S4D safes or cupboards must:
    • ​be kept separate from all other keys (except each other where permitted)​,
    • be carried by the registered nurse in charge of the ward or their delegate, who must also be a registered nurse.

Additional requirements for S4D and S8 stock medicines

Any loss of S4D or S8 RCF urgent use medicine must be notified to Pharmaceutical Services.

​​Drug register responsibilities
  • The Director of Nursing, or if there is no Director of Nursing, a manager nominated by the approved provider, must ensure that:
    • a drug register is available to staff who need to make entries
    • six-monthly inventory checks for S8 medicines are completed in March and September each year.
  • For format of drug registers and requirements for entries see Drug registers.
  • All RCF urgent use S8 medicine receipt, administration and destructions must be recorded, witnessed and countersigned by another staff member in a compliant drug register. 
  • Each ward of an RCF may have its own drug register. Any transfer of S8 RCF urgent use medicines between wards must be recorded in both drug registers.
  • Any loss must be notified to Pharmaceutical Services​. This includes the loss or destruction of drug register.  

​​Administration of RCF urgent use medicines ​ ​

RCF urgent use medicines may only be accessed and administered by:

  • ​​a registered nurse on the direction of an authorised practitioner (e.g. medical practitioner, nurse practitioner or dentist), or
  • the authorised practitioner on site at the RCF.

​Additional requirements apply to S8 medicines as outlined below. 

Once a resident’s own dispensed medicine is dispensed and received, urgent use stock must be withdrawn from use and returned to storage. ​

​​Administration of RCF urgent use S8 medicines 

RCF urgent use ​​S8 medicines may only be administered by a registered nurse or a prescriber. 

Each time an S8 medicine is administered to a resident, a witness must be present. The witness must be one of the following:

  • ​a registered nurse
  • an enrolled nurse
  • an assistant in nursing who is familiar with the procedure and understands the legal responsibilities of acting as a witness.

The witness must be present for the entire process, including:

  • ​removal of the medicine from storage
  • recording the transaction in the drug register
  • transfer and administration of the medicine to the resident
  • disposal of any unused medicine, where applicable​

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​​​Prescribing and dispensing of medicines

The national residential medication chart, when it complies with the requirements of section 41(5) of the National Health (Pharmaceutical Benefits) Regulations 2017 (Cth)​, is a valid prescription for prescribing, dispensing, and claiming PBS payments. This medication chart may be in a paper or electronic format.

Telephone orders are permitted in emergencies. The prescriber may provide the order by telephone to a nurse at the RCF and repeat the order to a second person. The pre​scriber must document the order on the resident’s medication chart as soon as practicable.​

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Paper National Residential Medication Chart (NRMC)​

Authorised practitioners such as medical practitioners, nurse practitioners may use the paper NRMC as a prescription provided it includes:

  • ​the patient’s name, date of birth and address 
  • medicine details, including the name, strength, form (if not readily apparent), quantity, route of administration and adequate directions for use​​
  • the period of use (must be no more than 4 months from date of first use)
  • the prescriber’s name and designation 
  • the name, address and telephone number of the RCF 
  • the date of issue.

Any dose that could be considered dangerous or unusual must be clearly identified by underlining the dose and initialling the prescription in the margin.

​Medicines requiring an additional prescription

Additional requirements apply when the following medicines are ordered on a RMC:

  • ​Schedule 8 medicines
  • anabolic-androgenic steroids
  • amylobarbitone or pentobarbitone injections
  • clomiphene, cyclofenil, dinoprost, dinoprostone, acitretin, etretinate, or isotretinoin.

These medicines must also be prescribed on one of the following:

For computer‑generated (hand‑signed) prescriptions, the prescriber must include the following in their own handwriting:

  • ​the period of time the medicine is to be used, 
  • the date, and  
  • their signature. 

For Schedule 8 medicines, the prescriber must also include in their own handwriting:

  • ​the name and strength of the substance
  • the quantity in words and figures
  • adequate directions for use
  • the quantity in words and figures

Dispensing from a paper NRMC

Pharmacists may dispense medicines from a paper NRMC as this has been permitted under ​an exemption​ to the form of prescription requirements in the NSW Regulation. 

A duplicate copy of the NRMC may be used to dispense unscheduled, Schedule 2, Schedule 3 and most Schedule 4 medicines. 

Pharmacies must ensure the retained duplicate copy is current and accurately reflects medicines supplied. 

The pharmacy’s dispensing system must record the resident’s current medicine orders, including alignment with any dose administration aid systems.

For each supply, the pharmacist must record on the duplicate NRMC:

  • ​the date of dispensing
  • the quantity supplied
  • the pharmacy’s prescription reference number
  • the pharmacy’s name and address.​

When a medicine is supplied for the final time, the medicine order must be marked ‘CANCELLED’.

The duplicate copy must be retained at the pharmacy for 2 years from the date of last supply.​

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​​Electronic National Residential Medication Chart (eNRMC)​​

Prescribers may now use an electronic National Residential Medication Chart (eNRMC) instead of a paper RCF medication chart, as permitted in the National Health (Transitional Electronic National Residential Medication Chart) Special Arrangement 2025.​ 

In NSW, an exemption under the Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Act 1966 has been issued to support the use of eNRMCs under this arrangement.

Approved eNRMC systems, as listed in the Electronic National Residential Medication Charts (eNRMC) – Conformance status tracker​, can be used for:

  • prescribing
  • dispensing or supplying medicines
  • claiming PBS payments
  • administering medicines by RCF staff​

This applies during the transition period, which ends on 31 December 2026

After this date only ​eNRMC systems that fully meet all technical and legislative requirements will be permitted for prescribing and dispensing. 

More information and resources are available on Electronic National Residential Medication Chart (eNRMC) collection. ​

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​​Medicines for day outings​

Where possible, medicines should be administered before residents leave the facility and after they return. 

If a dose is required during an outing, resident medicines must be supplied in the original, fully labelled pack dispensed by a pharmacist.

Medicines must not be repacked into unlabelled containers.

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Disposal of medicines

Medicines no longer in use for the resident for whom it was dispensed must not be kept for administration to another resident. These should be sent back to the pharmacy for disposal in the R​eturn of Unwanted​ Medicines (RUM) bin.

S2, S3 and S4 medicines

Arrangements should be made with the supplying pharmacist for the return of general prescription and non-prescription medicines.

S4D medicines

Destruction of RCF urgent use S4D medicines should be destroyed in a similar manner to that for S8 medicines.

S8 medicines

Destruction of unwanted or unusable RCF urdent use S8 medicines must be made on the premises of the RCF under the supervision of the retail pharmacist that supplies RCF urgent use medicines. For more information see Destruction of S8 medicines​.

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​​ Additional Resources​

Current as at: Tuesday 11 August 2026
Contact page owner: Pharmaceutical Services