Residential care facilities

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Medicine requirements for residential care facilities in NSW​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

​Residential care facilities approved to provide high level care before 30 June 2014 are classified as nursing homes and must comply with hospital level medicine handling requirements under the Poisons and Therapeutic Goods legislation. ​

Under the Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Regulation 2008 (the Regulation), a hospital includes a public hospital, public institution, private health facility or nursing home. 

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​​​​Governance and supply of medicines

A residential care facility (RCF) should appoint a medicines governance committee (also referred to as a Medicines Advisory Committee). The medicines governance committee is responsible for approving and overseeing the governance of medicines held at the RCF, including:

  • medicines supplied for residents’ use other than those prescribed by authorised practitioners
  • medicines held for urgent or emergency use (stock medicines), as permitted by NSW Health
  • Schedule 2 and 3 medicines held for nurse initiated use
  • written protocols that guide registered nurses on when these medicines are used and how they are stored, administered and recorded.​​

​​​​​​Obtaining medicines

RCFs can obtain medicines in the following ways:

1. Individual resident supply 

Residents may be administered medicines that have been prescribed, dispensed on prescription and labelled for the individual by a pharmacy, including those in a dose administration aid (DAA). Note that these medicines belong to the resident.

Medicines must only be used by the resident for whom they were supplied and not shared or given to other residents. The RCF acts as the resident’s agent in managing these medicines.

The RCF medicines governance committee must ensure policies are in place that outline requirements for the safe and secure storage of a resident’s medicines and prevent risk of loss and misuse. 

​2. Other stock medicines 

Schedule 4 and 8 urgent use medicines, or stock medicines held by an RCF generally, may only be obtained if listed on the NSW Health approved list (see below under Urgent use medicines). Any request for additional medicines must be approved by the medicines governance committee and approval sought from NSW Health. Schedule 2 and 3 medicines for nurse initiated use must also be approved by the medicines governance committee.

Urgent use medicines must:

  • be obtained from a retail pharmacist on a signed and dated order from the Director of Nursing, or the Care Manager where there is no Director of Nursing, and
  • be supplied in the manufacturer’s original pack and administered to the resident directly from that pack.

Facilities must have arrangements for after hours supply where required.​

Urgent use medicines

  • All NSW RCFs approved under the Aged Care Act 2024 may hold certain medicines for urgent use. 
  • Urgent use medicines should only be used when the supplying retail pharmacy is unable to supply individually labelled and dispensed medicines.
  • Telephone orders are permitted in emergencies. The prescriber may provide the order by telephone to a nurse at the RCF and repeat the order to a second person. The prescriber must document the order on the resident’s medication chart as soon as practicable.
  • ​RCFs may hold the following medicines for urgent use:
    • oral antibiotics (up to five different antibiotic substances)
    • atropine sulfate monohydrate injection
    • clonazepam oral liquid 2.5 mg/mL (maximum of 20 mL)
    • dexamethasone tablets
    • diazepam injection 10 mg/2 mL (maximum 5 ampoules)
    • furosemide (frusemide) injection
    • glycopyrronium bromide (glycopyrrolate) injection
    • hyoscine butylbromide injection
    • metoclopramide hydrochloride monohydrate injection
    • midazolam injection - maximum of ten ampoules 5 mg/5 mL or 5 mg/1 mL 
    • molnupiravir
    • morphine sulfate injection – maximum of 30 ampoules of 5 mg/1 mL, 10 mg/1 mL, 15 mg/1 mL or 30 mg/1 mL 
    • nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir
    • prochlorperazine mesilate injection.
  • ​To hold medicines not listed above, the Director of Nursing or Care Manager must obtain medicines governance committee approval and apply to the NSW Health Chief Pharmacist for approval via email at MOH-PharmaceuticalServices@health.nsw.gov.au​.
Administration of urgent use medicines

Urgent use medicines may only be administered by:

  • a registered nurse on the direction of an authorised practitioner (e.g. medical practitioner, nurse practitioner or dentist), or
  • the authorised practitioner on site at the RCF.

Once a resident’s own dispensed medicine is received, urgent use stock must be withdrawn from use and returned to storage. ​

​​​Schedule 2 and 3 nurse-initiated medicines

  • RCFs may hold certain Schedule 2 and 3 medicines for administration as nurse-initiated medicines in accordance with approved protocols. 
  • Approved nurse-initiated medicines include:
    • ​any Schedule 2 medicine that is approved by the medicines governance committee may be held in stock. 
    • Schedule 3 medicines are limited to those approved by the medicines governance committee and may include:
      • adrenaline (epinephrine) (ampoules or EpiPen)
      • glucagon injection
      • glyceryl trinitrate (tablet or sublingual spray)
      • naloxone injection
      • salbutamol inhaler
Protocols and oversight for nurse-initiate medicines
  • Approved lists and protocols must be endorsed by the medicines governance committee.
  • Protocols must include indications for use, form, dose, route, frequency, precautions, drug interactions and procedures for medication incidents and adverse reactions.
  • Protocols must be reviewed every 12 months.

3. Antivirals for influenza 

RCFs may hold oseltamivir in accordance with the Authority for oseltamivir.

Key requirements include that oseltamivir:

  • is supplied on the order of a medical practitioner or nurse practitioner.
  • is documented on the resident’s medication chart
  • has each dose recorded at the time of administration
  • is stored secure under the supervision of the Director of Nursing or Care Manager.

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​​​​Storage of medicines

  • ​Urgent use medicines, including those for nurse initiated use, that have been obtained from a retail pharmacist as facility stock, must be stored in accordance with the Regulation. This means:
    • ​S4 medicines must be stored in a room or enclosure to which the public does not have access 
    • S8 medicines must be stored apart from all other goods in a receptacle such as a safe, that is securely attached to a part of the premises and kept securely locked when not in immediate use.
  • S8 medicines disp​ensed for a resident under a valid prescription or residential medication chart order, including when packed in a dose administration aid (DAA):
    • do not need to be stored in accordance with the Regulation. This means they do not need to be stored in a safe.
    • should be stored securely, as per local policies and procedures, to mitigate any risk of diversion and public harm.
  • ​​Medicines must be stored in ward areas in the original container or carton and not removed from the packaging until immediately before administration.  
  • Facilities must have written procedures covering stock control, stock rotation and expiry date checks.

Secure storage and key management

Schedule 2, 3 and 4 medicines, including those packed in a DAA, must be stored out of public access in:

  • a locked cupboard fixed to the premises
  • a locked room (on a shelf)
  • a locked medicine trolley
  • a locked drawer in a resident’s bedside locker.

Medicine refrigerators do not need to be locked if located out of public access.

Storage areas must remain locked when not in immediate use. Keys must be kept separate from other facility keys and carried by the registered nurse in charge of the ward, or their registered nurse delegate.

Storage of resident self-administered medicines

Residents assessed as capable of self administration may hold a key to their own bedside drawer that stores their medicines. These medicines must not be accessible to other residents or visitors. Resident keys must not open other residents’ drawers.

Additional requirements

Schedule 4 Appendix D (S4D) medicine storage
  • If an RCF is considered a hospital within the meaning of the Regulation:
    • ​​Urgent use stock of Schedule 4D (S4D) medicines must be stored separately from all other medicines (except Schedule 8 medicines) in a dedicated, locked cupboard or safe, that is securely fixed to the floor or wall and kept locked when not in immediate use.
    • No other items, including keys, cash or documents, may be stored in the S4D cupboard or safe.
    • Keys must be kept separate from all other keys, except a Schedule 8 safe key, and carried by the registered nurse in charge of the ward or their delegate, who must also be a registered nurse.
  • S4D medicines are not required to be recorded in a ward drug register unless the facility chooses to do so. 
  • Any loss must be notified to Pharmaceutical Services.
Schedule 8 (S8) medicine storage
  • The registered nurse in charge of a ward area is responsible for the storage of all S8 medicines in that ward.
  • Urgent use stocks of S8 medicines must be stored separately from all other medicines (except S4Ds) in a dedicated locked cupboard or safe (preferably a metal safe) that is securely fixed to the premises and kept locked when not in immediate use. The lock must be a five lever key lock or provide equivalent security.
  • Resident’s S8 medicines dispensed and labelled for the individual need not be stored in a safe, however, these should be kept secure to mitigate risks of diversion.
  • For refrigerated medicines see Storage of a S8 medicines requiring refrigeration.
  • No other items, including keys, cash or documents, may be stored in a ward S8 medicines cupboard or safe.
  • Keys must be kept separate from other keys (except a S4D cupboard key), and carried by the registered nurse in charge of the ward, or their delegate, who must also be a registered nurse.

​Drug register responsibilities

  • The Director of Nursing, or if there is no Director of Nursing, a manager nominated by the approved provider, must ensure that:
    • a drug register is available to staff who need to make entries
    • inventory checks are completed in March and September each year.
  • For format of drug registers and requirements for entries see Drug registers.
  • All S8 medicine receipt, administration and destructions must be recorded, witnessed and countersigned by another staff member in a compliant drug register. 
  • Each ward of an RCF may have its own drug register. Any transfer of S8 medicines between wards must be recorded in both drug registers.
  • S8 medicines supplied in a resident’s DAA do not need to be recorded in a drug register, although facilities may choose to do so under a local policy.
  • Any loss must be notified to Pharmaceutical Services. This includes the loss or destruction of drug register.  

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Prescribing and dispensing of medicines

The national residential medication chart, when it complies with the requirements of section 41(5) of the National Health (Pharmaceutical Benefits) Regulations 2017 (Cth), is a valid prescription for prescribing, dispensing, and claiming PBS payments. This medication chart may be in a paper or electronic format.

Paper National Residential Medication Chart (NRMC)

Authorised practitioners such as medical practitioners, nurse practitioners may use the paper NRMC as a prescription provided it includes:

  • the patient’s name, date of birth and address 
  • medicine details, including the name, strength, form (if not readily apparent), quantity, route of administration and adequate directions for use​​
  • the period of use (must be no more than 4 months from date of first use)
  • the prescriber’s name and designation 
  • the name, address and telephone number of the RCF 
  • the date of issue.

Any dose that could be considered dangerous or unusual must be clearly identified by underlining the dose and initialling the prescription in the margin.

Medicines requiring an additional prescription

Additional requirements apply when the following medicines are ordered on a RMC:

  • Schedule 8 medicines
  • anabolic-androgenic steroids
  • amylobarbitone or pentobarbitone injections
  • clomiphene, cyclofenil, dinoprost, dinoprostone, acitretin, etretinate, or isotretinoin.

These medicines must also be prescribed on one of the following:

For computer‑generated (hand‑signed) prescriptions, the prescriber must include the following in their own handwriting:

  • the period of time the medicine is to be used, 
  • the date, and  
  • their signature. 

For Schedule 8 medicines, the prescriber must also include in their own handwriting:

  • the name and strength of the substance
  • the quantity in words and figures
  • adequate directions for use
  • the quantity in words and figures
Dispensing from a paper NRMC

Pharmacists may dispense medicines from a paper NRMC as this has been permitted under an exemption to the form of prescription requirements in the Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Regulation 2008

  • A duplicate copy of the NRMC may be used to dispense unscheduled, Schedule 2, Schedule 3 and most Schedule 4 medicines. 
  • Pharmacies must ensure the retained duplicate copy is current and accurately reflects medicines supplied. 
  • The pharmacy’s dispensing system must record the resident’s current medicine orders, including alignment with any dose administration aid systems.

For each supply, the pharmacist must record on the duplicate NRMC:

  • the date of dispensing
  • the quantity supplied
  • the pharmacy’s prescription reference number
  • the pharmacy’s name and address.​

When a medicine is supplied for the final time, the medicine order must be marked ‘CANCELLED’.

The duplicate copy must be retained at the pharmacy for 2 years from the date of last supply.


​​Electronic National Residential Medication Chart (eNRMC)

Prescribers may now use an electronic National Residential Medication Chart (eNRMC) instead of a paper RCF medication chart, as permitted in the National Health (Transitional Electronic National Residential Medication Chart) Special Arrangement 2025.​ 

In NSW, an exemption under the Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Act 1966 has been issued to support the use of eNRMCs under this arrangement.

Approved eNRMC systems, as listed in the Electronic National Residential Medication Charts (eNRMC) – Conformance status tracker​, can be used for:

  • prescribing
  • dispensing or supplying medicines
  • claiming PBS payments
  • administering medicines by RCF staff​

This applies during the transition period, which ends on 31 December 2026

After this date only ​eNRMC systems that fully meet all technical and legislative requirements will be permitted for prescribing and dispensing. 

More information and resources are available on Electronic National Residential Medication Chart (eNRMC) collection. ​

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Guidance on the administration of medicines​​

​RCFs must have policies and procedures in place to ensure safe administration of medicines.

Administration of medicines by residents or RCF staff should be guided by the Medication management in residential aged care facilities – guiding principles.​​

Schedule 8 (S8) medicines

S8 medicines may only be administered by a registered nurse or a prescriber.

Each time an S8 medicine is administered to a resident, a witness must be present. The witness must be one of the following:

  • a registered nurse
  • an enrolled nurse
  • an assistant in nursing who is familiar with the procedure and understands the legal responsibilities of acting as a witness

The witness must be present for the entire process, including:

  • removal of the medicine from storage
  • recording the transaction in the drug register
  • transfer and administration of the medicine to the resident
  • disposal of any unused medicine, where applicable

Medicines for day outings

Where possible, medicines should be administered before residents leave the facility and after they return. 

If a dose is required during an outing, medicines must be supplied in the original, fully labelled pack dispensed by a pharmacist.

Medicines must not be repacked into unlabelled containers.

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Disposal of medicines

Medicines no longer in use for the resident for whom it was dispensed must not be kept for administration to another resident. These should be sent back to the pharmacy for disposal in the Return of Unwanted​ Medicines (RUM) bin.

Schedule 2, 3 and 4 medicines

Arrangements should be made with the supplying pharmacist for the return of general prescription and non-prescription medicines.

Schedule 4 Appendix D (S4D) medicines

Where a nursing home is maintaining a record of S4D medicine in a drug register, any unwanted S4D medicines should be destroyed in a similar manner to that for S8 medicines.

Where no register record is being maintained, the S4D medicine may be returned to the supplying pharmacy for disposal.

Schedule 8 medicines

S8 medicines must be destroyed on the premises of the RCF under the supervision of the retail pharmacist that supplied the S8 medicine. For more information see Destruction of S8 medicines​.

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​​ Additional Resources​

Current as at: Tuesday 7 July 2026
Contact page owner: Pharmaceutical Services